What is a "Narcissist"?
A narcissist is a person who exhibits pronounced egocentrism, a need for admiration, and a lack of empathy for others. This behavior stems from narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) – a psychological condition in which an individual has an inflated sense of self-importance and often exploits others for personal gain.
How Does Psychology View Narcissism?
Psychology classifies narcissistic behavior on a spectrum – from normal, adaptive narcissism to pathological disorder. According to the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders), narcissistic personality disorder includes:
- An excessive sense of self-importance.
- Expectation of special treatment and privileges.
- Lack of empathy and exploitation of others.
- Fantasies of unlimited power, success, and beauty.
- Sensitivity to criticism but a tendency to belittle others.
How Does a Narcissist Perceive Life and Feel?
The inner world of a narcissist is complex and contradictory. Despite projecting confidence, they often suffer from deep insecurity, which they compensate for with external superiority. They view life as a competition in which they must be the winner, while others are merely tools for achieving their goals. Genuine joy or fulfillment is difficult for them to experience, as attention and admiration from others serve as their primary motivation.
What Does a Narcissist Cause to Others?
People who have close contact with a narcissist often experience:
- Emotional exhaustion – due to constant manipulation and the narcissist's need for attention.
- Self-doubt – narcissists frequently undermine others' confidence, making them feel incompetent or insignificant.
- Toxic relationships – friendships and romantic relationships with narcissists often lead to emotional pain and feelings of helplessness.
- Gaslighting – a psychological manipulation technique in which the narcissist makes the victim doubt their own memories, perceptions, and sanity.
How to Approach and Handle a Narcissist?
If you have a narcissist in your life, it is important to know how to protect yourself:
- Set clear boundaries – do not allow manipulation or control over your decisions.
- Do not seek validation from the narcissist – their opinions are often self-centered and inconsistent.
- Avoid confrontation – narcissists struggle to accept criticism and may react aggressively.
- Maintain emotional distance – if possible, minimize contact.
- Seek support – friends, therapists, or support groups can help you understand and overcome toxic relationships.
Other Useful Information About Relationships with Narcissists
A narcissist rarely acknowledges their problem and is even less likely to seek help. It is essential to understand that you cannot "fix" a narcissist – instead, focus on protecting your well-being. If you are in a relationship with a narcissist, consider whether it brings you happiness or only suffering. Sometimes, the best solution is to distance yourself and invest your energy in healthy, mutually supportive relationships.
Narcissism can be complex and destructive, but with the right knowledge and strategies, you can protect yourself and build a better life for yourself.
